This report presents the findings of a study into the current evolution of Misseriyya livelihoods commissioned by the UK Department for International Development upon request from UNMIS and UNRCSO Abyei. The study examines the changes undergone by Misseriyya pastoralists over the past two decades, charting the strategies employed by the group to cope with a number of external pressures ranging from adverse government policies, climatic changes, the impact of oil exploration, conflict and the effects of the Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The current political context and the causes of intercommunal and other tensions are analysed and used to inform policy and programme recommendations for a range of actors working in the region. The report offers a detailed review of past and current aid interventions in support of Misseriyya livelihoods.