There is community and international agreement that some types of government subsidies and of private market behaviour damage economic welfare and perhaps other interests such as perceptions of fairness. The instruments currently available to the Community do not match these problems well, and the least well matched is the most used. The results are that anti-competitive behaviour is not identified and that there is potential for interventions that reduce competition, lower economic welfare, and damage development. The remedy is to move to a system that attacks the problems directly.