This case study forms part of a larger study, undertaken by the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) in partnership with the World Food Programme (WFP) and UNAIDS. The overall objective is to gain a better understanding of the various emergency settings and their implications for HIV and AIDS. Five countries have been chosen for field work, representing different levels of HIV prevalence and emergency types. Mozambique was selected because of its high HIV prevalence and a number of slow-onset and rapid onset emergencies that occur regularly – drought, flood and cyclone.