Domestic accountability in donor countries is often neglected in discussions of aid and development effectiveness. This report analyses the UK’s system of domestic accountability for development assistance in order to generate insights about how development agencies’ engagement with their domestic stakeholders – other branches of government, parliaments, civil society organisations, audit institutions – might be harnessed to deliver more effective aid. It concludes with some thoughts about the promise and pitfalls of an approach that focuses on results, making the case for a “realistic results agenda” and arguing that debates about aid – in donor countries, in recipient countries, and amongst donors and recipients – are, in part, debates about values, priorities and politics.