By reviewing a large body of evidence available to date, this study has found that trade liberalisation in Vietnam up to present has aided growth, which has been in turn broadly shared, resulting in fast poverty reduction. Trade liberalisation is therefore widely believed to have been recently beneficial to poverty reduction. However, evidence also suggests that whether trade-poverty linkage can continue this favourable pattern in the coming years very much depends on whether there are appropriate complementary policies in place, and also on whether the existing members of the WTO who are Vietnam’s major trading partners properly take into account the current level of development and poverty situation of Vietnam in the multilateral and bilateral trade negotiations linked with Vietnam’s WTO accession.