This paper examines how new technologies are being introduced as a means to strengthen national forest governance systems, taking the example of Brazil where their uptake is advancing rapidly. Some key elements to consider when contemplating the introduction of new technologies are described. Th ese include: the management required to oversee the transition between the old regulatory system and the new, technology-supported system; the institutional reforms triggered by this technological change; and the impacts of the new technologies in terms of changes in the detection of forest crime, the level of illegality and tolerance of corruption. Th e safeguards and mechanisms of public oversight that have been introduced with these changes are also examined.