Over the last fifteen years there have been dramatic increases in both private and public intervention in international trade. Traditional barriers to market-based trade such as commodity cartels and tariffs have been augmented by new developments such as the rise of regional trade blocs and the growth of intra-firm trade. This book argues that these changes are large and persistent enough to have an impact on total development performance, and on the performance of both individual countries and sectors. It illustrates this with a wealth of theoretical arguments, empirical evidence and country studies.