This external evaluation of Swedish Tanzanian development co-operation is focused on the Country Strategy cycle beginning in 1996 and ending in the second quarter of 2000. It was commissioned as a case study on the effectiveness of Country Strategy processes in steering Sida country programmes, and also to provide practical recommendations for improving Swedish Tanzanian co-operation in the next Strategy period. The scope of the evaluation is limited to consideration of the relationships of coherence and relevance between the steering instruments and the country programme and its implementation. Relevance to poverty reduction and other Swedish and Tanzanian objectives is assessed, and this involves comparison with feasible alternative options. Evaluation of impact is specifically excluded. A major topic is the operationalisation of the new partnership principles that were a strong theme in the 1996 Country Strategy.