The diversification of rural livelihoods is the subject of a growing amount of conceptual and policybased research. This paper reports on the findings from a re-survey and longitudinal panel survey carried out in the villages of Aurepalle and Dokur in Mahbubnagar District in Andhra Pradesh, India. This is a particularly valuable data source since these villages have been surveyed at intervals by ICRISAT since 1975 and have enabled an analysis of changing rural livelihoods over time.