The importance of water supply and sanitation for poverty reduction in sub-Saharan Africa has been inadequately reflected in the development of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers, both in terms of process and content. This programme of research and advocacy activities seeks to build better understandings of WSS-poverty linkages into development, implementation and monitoring of PRSP expenditure plans. The aim is to derive lessons on integrated, poverty-focused WSS planning based upon experience in Malawi, Zambia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Madagascar in order make the case for better targeted, funded and monitored water and sanitation programmes.