It is increasingly clear that both at normative and the operational levels international responses are poorly adapted to the interrelated challenges that migration, displacement and urbanisation pose for humanitarian action.

Over the next two to three years, research will continue to assess the changing dynamics of displacement with a particular focus on urbanisation, exploring the factors that affect forced migration such as climate change. The challenges of responding to urban disasters, which threaten to become an increasing part of the humanitarian 'caseload', will also be reviewed.

Sub themes

• Humanitarian responses in urban contexts
• Land issues in humanitarian action
• Migration and livelihoods in crises
• Remittances in crisis
• Return and reintegration